Many surgical or non-surgical procedures have been described and used for the diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases. Mediastinoscopy is particularly in one of these methods, which are currently being implemented and developed by only thoracic surgeons. Surgeons, who perform more demanding operations during the specialist training, might not find an adequate basis in hospitals…
This is a gland that rests behind the breast bone (also called the sternum). It is different from the thyroid gland which lies in the neck. The thymus is associated with the immune system and helps fight infection and disease. It is active until puberty and then shrinks away so that only fatty tissue remains…
Introduction Recurrent pleural effusions (RPEs) are defined as pleural effusions that recur despite optimal therapy for the underlying etiology of the effusions and typically require multiple thoracenteses or a more definitive therapeutic modality to prevent a recurrence. Indwelling pleural catheters (IPCs) have emerged in the past decade as a very effective modality to treat and…
A pneumothorax is a collapsed lung. A pneumothorax occurs when air leaks into the space between the lung and chest wall; may be partial or complete. Pneumothorax may result from a blind or penetrating chest injury, some medical procedures, or damage from underlying lung disease. Or, it could appear without obvious reason. Symptoms often include…
Introduction Thoracic trauma accounts for up to 35% of trauma-related deaths in the United States and encompasses a broad range of injuries that can cause significant morbidity and mortality (1). Prompt evaluation during the primary trauma survey is key to identifying those injuries which are immediately life-threatening and require rapid intervention. Once these conditions are…
Primarily; bronchoscopy is a diagnostic device. Bronchoscopy is most frequently used for searching the causes of respiratory symptoms such as hemoptysis, coughing, and unexpressed, especially one-sided wheezy respiration in patients with normal chest graph and tomography. Other primary indications are listed as centrally located lung mass, volume depletion on chest x-ray, pneumopyothorax, permanent infiltrations, deviation in trachea…