Pectus carinatum is the protruding deformity of the chest wall. It is seen less frequently than pectus excavatum. Pectus carinatum occurs in the form of unilateral or bilateral involvement of the rib cartilage and structural disruption in the upper or lower projection of the sternum. Mixed deformities can also be seen. One side of the…
Introduction Thoracic trauma accounts for up to 35% of trauma-related deaths in the United States and encompasses a broad range of injuries that can cause significant morbidity and mortality (1). Prompt evaluation during the primary trauma survey is key to identifying those injuries which are immediately life-threatening and require rapid intervention. Once these conditions are…
Poland syndrome is a disorder in which affected individuals are born with missing or underdeveloped muscles on one side of the body, resulting in abnormalities that can affect the chest, shoulder, arm, and hand. The extent and severity of the abnormalities vary among affected individuals. Poland syndrome has been estimated to occur in 1 in…